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A quarter note (American) or crotchet (British, from the sense 'hook') is a note played for one quarter of the duration of a whole note (or ''semibreve''). Often, musicians will say that a crotchet is one beat, but this is not always correct, as the beat is indicated by the time signature of the music; a x quarter note may or may not be the beat. Quarter notes are notated with a filled-in oval note head and a straight, flagless stem. The stem usually points upwards if it is below the middle line of the stave or downwards if it is on or above the middle line. However, the stem direction may differentiate more than one part. The head of the note also reverses its orientation in relation to the stem. (See image.) ==Overview== In Unicode, the symbol is U+2669 ((unicode:♩)). A related value is the quarter rest (or crotchet rest). It denotes a silence of the same duration as a quarter note. It typically appears as the symbol x20px and occasionally as the older symbol x14px.〔Examples of the older symbol are found in English music up to the early 20th century, e.g. W. A. Mozart ''Requiem Mass'', vocal score ed. W. T. Best, pub. London: Novello & Co. Ltd. 1879〕 The note derives from the ''semiminima'' of mensural notation. The word ''crotchet'' comes from Old French ''crochet'', meaning 'little hook', diminutive of ''croc'', 'hook', because of the hook used on the note in black notation. However, because the hook appeared on the eighth note (or ''quaver'') in the later white notation, the modern French term ''croche'' refers to an eighth note. It is played for half the length of a minim (or "half note") and twice that of a quaver (an "eighth note"). It is one beat in a bar of 4/4. The term ''quarter note'' is a calque (loan translation) of the German term ''Viertelnote''. The names of this note (and rest) in most languages are calqued from the same source: The Galician, Catalan, French and Spanish names for the note (all of them meaning "black") derive from the fact that the ''semiminima'' was the longest note to be colored in mensural white notation, which is true as well of the modern form. The Bulgarian, Chinese, Croatian, Czech, Japanese, Korean, Polish, Russian, Serbian and Slovak names mean "quarter" (for the note) and "quarter's pause" (for the rest). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「quarter note」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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